Question
The income statement of Crestline Traders Ltd and additional information for 2025 are shown below.
| Income Statement — For the Year Ended December 31, 2025 |
|---|
| Sales Revenue | 285,000 |
| Cost of Goods Sold | (165,000) |
| Gross Profit | 120,000 |
| Operating Expenses | (58,000) |
| Interest Expense | (4,200) |
| Gain on Sale of Land | 3,000 |
| Income Before Income Tax | 60,800 |
| Income Tax Expense | (16,000) |
| Net Income | 44,800 |
Additional information:
- Accounts receivable increased by $12,000 during the year.
- Inventory increased by $9,000 and accounts payable increased by $6,500.
- Operating expenses include depreciation of $11,000. Prepaid insurance decreased by $1,500 and accrued operating liabilities increased by $2,000.
- Income tax payable increased by $1,800.
- Land with a carrying amount of $12,000 was sold for $15,000 cash.
- Equipment was purchased for $28,000 cash.
- Ordinary shares were issued for $20,000 cash, borrowings of $12,000 were repaid, and cash dividends of $9,000 were paid.
- All interest ($4,200) was paid in cash. Cash and cash equivalents were $18,400 at the beginning of the year and $48,000 at the end.
Instructions: Prepare a statement of cash flows using the DIRECT method (IAS 7). In addition to the main statement, present a separate supporting schedule (working) for each major operating cash flow — Cash Received from Customers, Cash Paid to Suppliers, Cash Paid for Operating Expenses and Cash Paid for Income Tax — showing step by step how each figure is derived.
Scoring
- 40% Account naming / line matching
- 40% Amount correctness
- 20% Structure / section placement
IAS 7 — Statement of Cash Flows
The direct method reports actual operating cash receipts and payments by category rather than reconciling from profit. Each line is built by converting an accrual figure to cash — revenue adjusted for the movement in receivables, purchases adjusted for the movements in inventory and payables, and so on.
Common mistakes
- Reporting the accrual amount unchanged because the related working-capital account happened to be given.
- Omitting a supporting schedule when the question asks for the workings behind each converted line.
- Producing operating cash flow that does not agree with what the indirect method would give — the two must reconcile.
Further readingDirect vs indirect method cash flow